Cylinder head



Aug. 25, 1931. A. M. NIVEN 1,820,628

CYLINDER HEAD Filed Nov. '7, 1927 INVE NTOR, 497 67766 fl/aapzm/ Myer? A TTORNE Y.

I Patented Aug. 25, 1931 PATENT OFFICE AROHIE MACPHAIL NIVEN, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOIR. TO CONTINENTAL MOTORSCORPORATION, F DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF VIRGINIA CYLINDER HEAD Application filed November 7, 1927. Serial No. 231,420.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and refers moreparticularly to an engine of the sleeve valve aircooled type.

' One object of my invention resides in pro- In an air cooled engine little difliculty isexperienced in maintaining the cylinder proper at the desired temperature, but difiiculty is experienced in adequately cooling the cylinder head, especially in the sleeve valve type of engine. In this type of engine the spark plug is ordinarily positioned within the recessed portion of the cylinder headwhere it and the cylinder head proper are not adequately cooled, Byreasonof my invention the customary recessed onpocket construction of the cylinder head may, if desired, be eliminated with the spark plug located generally well above the cylinder head where it may be maintained in the desired cooled condition.

Further features of my invention residein the novel combination and arrangement of '35 parts more particularly hereinafter described and claimed. I

Referring to the. accompanying drawing, the single figureillustrates a section through a typical cylinder showing one embodiment of my invention. I

Reference character A illustrates one of the enginecylinders formed with the cooling ribs or fins 10 and sleeve valve 11, the latter for illustration being shown as the Burt-McCol- 46 lum" single sleeve valve type in which the sleeve is moved in a combined reciprocating and oscillating path with respect to the sleeve axis in moving sleeve ports 12 to function with the cylinder ports 13. My invention is not directed to any particular arrangement of sleeve valves orports thereof and is equally useful in connection with other well known types of sleeve valve and other engines.

The cylinder A is closed by a cylinder head, B which may be constructed of a head portion 14 and a cooperating cover portion 15. The portion 14 is flanged at 16 for seating on the cylinder A and has a substantially cylindrical wall 17 depending within the cylinder and spaced therefrom to provide a sleeve pocket 18 accommodating the upper end of the sleeve valve 11. The cylinder head, has a second substantially cylindrical Wall 19 extending upwardly "from, and spaced within, the wall 17 to form a jacket 20. The wall 19 further forms the combustion chamber 21, a spark plug 22 being preferably located atthe top thereof so as to extend Well above the cylinder head heat zone. The jacket 20 is suitably enclosed by the cover portion 15, the oints 23 and 24 being welded or otherwise sealed. The cylinder head B is secured to the cylinder by the fasteners 25. Cooling fins 26 are arranged on the cover portionlo extending transversely to the direction of travel of the cooling air stream, where such a stream. is employed, as indicated by the arroW. 7

Within the jacket enclosure 20. is a body of suitable liquid 27 such as mercury, the Walls of the jacket preferably being coated with amalgam 28 or the like to facilitate the heattransfer relatively between the mercury and the jacket walls.

In operation. the heat developed in they combustion chamber 21 and associated parts will be transferred to the'body of liquid 27' causing the latter to be vaporized. The vapor will rise,-striking theportion 15 which is maintained in a relatively cool condition by reason of cooling fins 26- and the general remoteness thereof from the combustion chamber. The vapor on striking the portion '15 will be condensed, giving up its heat thereto, the condensate running back to the main body 27. The vapor within the jacket enclosure will serve to maintain the jacket walls ex-,

posed thereto in the desired cool condition.

Various substances may be utilized in place of mercury, it'bemg only necessary 10 that such substance vaporizes within the temperature limits of ordinary engine operations so that excessive temperature will not result.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a cylinder head formed with a jacket enclosure, a combustion chamber and associated spark plug, and cylinder head cooling means including a cooling liquid within said jacket enclosure adapted to be vaporized by the heat generated by the engine.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a cylinder head provided with a sealed jacket enclosure, a combustion chamber and associated spark plug and cylinder head cooling means comprising a cooling liquid within said enclosure.

3. In an internal combustion engine of the air-cooled spark ignition type, a cylinder, a cylinder head provided with a sealed jacket enclosure, heat dissipating means associated with the cylinder head. and a coolin liquid within the jacket enclosure adapte to be vaporized by the heat generated by the engine, said heat dissipating means being positioned for condensing the vapor.

4. In a sleeve valve engine the combination with a cylinder, of a head having a jacket enclosure depending within the cylinder andspaced therefrom to form a sleeve pocket, sleeve valve means within said pocket, and a body of cooling liquid within said jacket adapted to be vaporized by the engine heat.

5. In a sleeve valve engine the combination with a cylinder, of a head having a jacket enclosure depending within the cylinder and spaced therefrom to form a sleeve pocket, sleeve valve means within said pocket, said head provided with a jacket cover having cooling projections, and a cooling liquid within said jacket adapted to be vaporized by the engine head, said jacket cover serving to condense the vapor.

6. In an internal combustion engine, of the air cooled spark ignition type, a cylinder, a cylinder head formed with .a jacket enclosure, and a body of mercury within the jacket adapted to be vaporized by the heat generated by the engine.

7. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a cylinder head formed with a jacket enclosure, and a body of mercury within the jacket adapted to be vaporized by the heat generated by the engine, the walls of said jacket having a coating of amalgam.

8. In a sleeve valve engine the combination with a cylinder, of a head having a substantially cylindrical wall depending within the cylinder and spaced therefrom to provide a sleeve pocket, a second wall joined with the first said wall and extending upwardly therewithin and spaced therefrom, a cover forming with the said walls an enclosed cooling jacket, and a coolant trapped within said jacket enclosure and circulating solely therein.

9. In a sleeve valve engine the combination with a cylinder, of a head having a substantially cylindrical wall depending within the cylinder and spaced therefrom to provide a sleeve pocket, a second wall joined with the first said wall and extending upwardly therewithin and spaced therefrom, a cover forming with the said walls an enclosed cooling jacket, and a coolant trapped within said jacket enclosure,'said cylinder and cover provided With air cooled ribs.

10. In a sleeve valve engine, a cylinder, and a cylinder head spaced from the cylinder to provide a sleeve pocket and having an enclosed cooling jacket depending therewith in bearing a cooling medium circulated solely within said jacket.

11. In an air cooled sleeve valve engine, a cylinder having cooling ribs, a cylinder head depending within said cylinder and spaced therefrom to provide a sleeve pocket, said cylinder head provided with cooling fins and spark plug extending for the most part beyond the outer limits of said cylinder head.

12. In an air cooled sleeve valve engine, a cylinder, and a cylinder head depending within said cylinder and spaced therefrom to provide a sleeve pocket, said cylinder head provided with cooling fins and spark plug extending for the most part into the path of the air stream directed against the cooling fins.

13. In an air cooled sleeve valve engine, a cylinder, and a cylinder head depending within said cylinder and spaced therefrom to provide a sleeve pocket, said cylinder head having cooling fins and means for circulating a cooling medium adjacent the depend in portion of the cylinder head, and provi ed With a spark plug extending for the most part into the path of the air stream directed against the cooling fins.

14. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, and a cylinder head formed with a jacket enclosure and provided with a coinbustion chamber and with means for igniting the fluid in said combustion chamber, said cylinder head bearing a heat absorbent and heat transmitting fluid circulating solely within said jacket enclosure.

15. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, and a cylinder head formed with a sealed jacket enclosure bearing a heat absorb ent and heat transmitting fluid.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 2nd day of November, A. D.

ARCHIE MACPHAIL NIVEN. 

